This February 14th, while couples across the country are celebrating love, Oregonians have another reason to pop a bottle of locally made Pinot Noir—our great state is turning 166 years old!
That’s right, Oregon officially became the 33rd state in the Union on February 14, 1859, earning the unique distinction of being the only U.S. state to join on Valentine’s Day. And while Oregon’s vast landscape, ranging from its misty coastline to the high desert—offer plenty of beauty, we here in Josephine County know that our little slice of heaven has some pretty amazing history of its own.
So, in honor of Oregon’s birthday, let’s take a look back at how this wild and wonderful place came to be, from its rugged frontier days to the quirks that make Josephine County stand out today.
The Birth of Oregon: A Valentine’s Day Gift to the Union
Long before Oregon became an official state, it was already making a name for itself as part of the Oregon Trail, the historic route that lured thousands of settlers westward with promises of fertile farmland and a fresh start.
Before the pioneers arrived, however, the land belonged to Native American tribes such as the Kalapuya, Chinook, Klamath, Nez Perce, Umatilla, Modoc, and many others, who lived in harmony with Oregon’s rich natural environment for thousands of years. The influx of settlers brought immense change, with treaties, conflicts, and forced relocations reshaping the state’s cultural and political landscape.
Oregon initially became a U.S. territory in 1848, but statehood was a harder sell. It took over a decade before Congress finally admitted Oregon into the Union in 1859—right in the thick of tensions leading up to the Civil War.
Interestingly, Oregon was founded as a “free state” (meaning slavery was illegal), but it also passed exclusion laws that barred Black Americans from settling here. It wasn’t exactly the most inclusive beginning, but thankfully, Oregon has evolved into a much more progressive and diverse place over the years.
Josephine County: The Gold Rush, Outlaws, and More
While the story of Oregon’s statehood is fascinating, we here in Josephine County have our own thrilling tales to tell. Founded just four years before Oregon became a state, in 1853, Josephine County has long been a hotspot of history, adventure, and a little bit of mischief.
Gold Fever Hits Southern Oregon
Like much of the American West, Josephine County was shaped by the Gold Rush. Miners flooded the area in the 1850s, drawn by rumors of gold buried in the rivers and hills. The boomtown of Sailor Diggings (later called Waldo) was one of the first settlements, and places like Grave Creek, Galice, and Althouse became known for producing impressive amounts of gold.
One particularly colorful figure from this era was Dutch Bill, a mysterious prospector who struck it rich along the Illinois River. His name and legend still linger in the region today.
The Outlaw Days: Jesse James and the Wild West
The Gold Rush brought fortune seekers, but it also attracted outlaws, gamblers, and gunfighters. Some say that members of Jesse James’ gang even hid out in the backcountry of Josephine County, using the rugged terrain as a perfect escape route from law enforcement.
Additionally, the famous Wolf Creek Inn & Tavern, which still stands today, was once a favorite stop for stagecoach travelers—and possibly a few train robbers as well. The tavern, built in the 1880s, still operates and is rumored to be haunted. (A dinner and ghost tour, anyone?)
Caves, Trees, and Natural Wonders
If you’re talking about Josephine County, you have to mention the Oregon Caves. This National Monument, discovered in 1874, is often called the “Marble Halls of Oregon” due to its stunning limestone formations. The caves remain one of Oregon’s most unique natural attractions, drawing visitors from all over the world.
And let’s not forget about our trees—because, let’s face it, Josephine County has some of the most impressive forests in Oregon. The Illinois Valley, nestled within the Siskiyou Mountains, is home to some of the last remaining old-growth forests, a truly breathtaking sight for any nature lover.
Modern Josephine County: Small-Town Charm with Big Stories
Fast forward to today, and Josephine County still retains that rugged independence and frontier spirit that made it famous. With its mix of history, small-town charm, and thriving outdoor culture, it remains one of the most unique places in Oregon.
Here are a few fun things that set our county apart:
1. The Josephine County Courthouse That Almost Wasn’t
The county seat of Grants Pass was not always a sure thing. In the late 19th century, there was fierce debate over whether Kerby or Grants Pass should be the county seat. Eventually, Grants Pass won out, largely due to its railroad access, but Kerby remains an important historic community.
2. The Infamous Bigfoot Sightings
Yes, Josephine County is prime Bigfoot territory! Over the years, there have been numerous reports of Sasquatch sightings deep in the forests of Southern Oregon. Whether you’re a believer or not, there’s no denying that our wilderness is mysterious enough to keep the legend alive.
3. A Haven for Artists and Free Spirits
From the quirky downtown area of Grants Pass to the artistic enclaves of Cave Junction and the Illinois Valley, Josephine County has long been a magnet for artists, musicians, and independent thinkers.
Every summer, locals and visitors alike flock to events like Boatnik, a beloved boat race and festival on the Rogue River, proving that small-town traditions are alive and well.
So, How Do We Celebrate 166 Years of Oregon?
Oregon’s statehood anniversary doesn’t get the same level of attention as, say, July 4th, but that doesn’t mean we shouldn’t celebrate! Here are a few ways to mark the occasion right here in Josephine County:
- Visit a historic site – Whether it’s the Oregon Caves, the Wolf Creek Tavern, or one of the old mining towns, take a trip back in time.
- Raise a glass to Oregon’s birthday – Bonus points if it’s an Oregon-brewed beer or locally made wine!
- Get outside – Whether it’s a hike, a fishing trip, or just a drive through the breathtaking Illinois Valley, there’s no better way to appreciate our state’s beauty.
- Support local businesses – After all, small businesses are what keep places like Josephine County unique and thriving.
166 Years and Counting…
Oregon has come a long way since 1859, and Josephine County has been right there, witnessing history unfold. From gold miners and outlaws to Bigfoot and ghost stories, our little corner of Oregon has always had a wild and colorful past.
As we celebrate 166 years of statehood, let’s take a moment to appreciate our home, our history, and the resilient spirit that makes Oregon—especially Josephine County—one of the best places to live.
